Question 1

With regard to affirmative action, the Supreme Court in recent years has

Accepted Answer

A)   moved to outlaw it.
B)   moved to narrow its application.
C)   asked Congress to clarify the policy.
D)   asked the president to clarify the policy.
E)   asked the state legislatures to clarify the policy.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 2

In 2010, the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

Accepted Answer

A)   Europe.
B)   Asia.
C)   Latin America.
D)   Africa.
E)   Australia.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was aimed at eliminating discrimination

Accepted Answer

A)   by governments in their conduct of elections (e.g., registration, placement of polling booths) .
B)   by private individuals in their social relations-bigoted statements and other acts of prejudice are unlawful under most circumstances.
C)   by governments in their job practices and provision of services (e.g., schools, roads) .
D)   by private individuals in their employment practices and in their operation of public accommodations (e.g., hotels, restaurants) .
E)   All of these answers are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The 1996 Defense of Marriage Act

Accepted Answer

A)   authorized states to grant marital rights to a same-sex couple that had been granted these rights by another state.
B)   authorized states to deny marital rights to a same-sex couple that had been granted these rights by another state.
C)   invalidated, through federal legislation, the marriages of same-sex couples that had become married in states that allow same-sex unions.
D)   established a timeline by which all states must legally allow same-sex marriages.
E)   invalided state laws that had mandated that marriage be defined only as a union between a man and a woman.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The first woman ever to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court was appointed by

Accepted Answer

A)   President Truman.
B)   President Eisenhower.
C)   President Kennedy.
D)   President Reagan.
E)   President Carter.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Housing in America

Accepted Answer

A)   falls largely outside the scope of the law-people are free to rent or sell property to whomever they want.
B)   is an area where equality in practice is now nearly a reality; people of similar incomes, regardless of race or color, find it equally easy to qualify for home mortgages.
C)   is an unimportant civil rights issue, since housing patterns almost completely reflect the personal preferences of people and are not substantially influenced by past or present racial bias.
D)   continues to evidence a high degree of racial segregation.
E)   None of these answers is correct.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The Fourteenth Amendment applies to discriminatory action by

Accepted Answer

A)   government only.
B)   private parties only.
C)   both government and private parties.
D)   the president specifically.
E)   Congress specifically.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

, the Supreme Court ruled that

Accepted Answer

A)   strict racial quotas were a valid means of ensuring racial diversity on college campuses.
B)   private colleges could refuse to admit prospective students on the basis of sexual orientation.
C)   male-only admissions policies at state-supported military academies were unconstitutional.
D)   because female instructors created an undue distraction at all-male universities, the schools in question could discriminate against women in their hiring practices.
E)   colleges affiliated with a particular religion could not take the religious persuasion of job candidates into consideration during the hiring process.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

The policy of affirmative action arose when

Accepted Answer

A)   it became apparent that disadvantaged Americans would not attain equal employment opportunities through lawsuits that benefited single individuals only.
B)   the Supreme Court declared in Bakke that the Fourteenth Amendment requires government and large firms to hire more women and minorities.
C)   the Supreme Court ruled that de facto discrimination is unlawful.
D)   private firms decided on their own that a more diverse workforce was actually a more productive and effective workforce.
E)   the Supreme Court rendered its Adarand v. Pena decision in 1995.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

Accepted Answer

A)   reasonable basis test.
B)   strict scrutiny test.
C)   intermediate scrutiny test.
D)   precedent basis test.
E)   suspect classification test.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

In 1960, the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

Accepted Answer

A)   Europe.
B)   Asia.
C)   Latin America.
D)   Africa.
E)   Australia.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The average pay for full-time female employees is about ________ percent of that for full-time male employees.

Accepted Answer

A)   93
B)   50
C)   65
D)   80
E)   70F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The first large and well-organized attempt to promote women's rights came in 1848 in

Accepted Answer

A)   Boston, Massachusetts.
B)   San Francisco, California.
C)   Minneapolis, Minnesota.
D)   Seneca Falls, New York.
E)   Madison, Wisconsin.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 14

The 2013 Supreme Court decision Shelby County v. Holder interpreting the Voting Rights Act

Accepted Answer

A)   declared the entire Voting Rights Act unconstitutional.
B)   was a victory for the Obama administration in general and Attorney General Eric Holder in particular.
C)   argued that Congress had set standards for ensuring voting rights that were no longer relevant.
D)   requires states be more diligent in ensuring that minorities have full voting rights.
E)   was all the more emphatic because it had a unanimous 9-0 vote.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

Accepted Answer

A)   expired in the late 1990s.
B)   prohibits discrimination in voting and voter registration.
C)   was strengthened by the 2013 Supreme Court decision Shelby County v. Holder.
D)   applies only to federal elections, not state and local elections.
E)   has no significant provisions for enforcement.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Any law that includes a gender classification is subject to the

Accepted Answer

A)   reasonable basis test.
B)   strict scrutiny test.
C)   intermediate scrutiny test.
D)   precedent basis test.
E)   suspect classification test.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

What is equality of result? What relation does it have to de facto and de jure discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Equality of result is the aim of policie...

Question 18

Which of the following groups is MOST likely to identify with the Democratic Party?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hispanics
B)   African Americans
C)   white women
D)   white men
E)   white southernersF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

In 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the pursuit of racial integration in public schools through busing

Accepted Answer

A)   was a practice that should be left to state governments to adopt or reject.
B)   should be enacted and monitored by the federal government to ensure full compliance.
C)   was as necessary to ensure racial justice as was the ending of de facto segregation in 1954.
D)   was a permanent solution to an intractable problem.
E)   deprived students of their Fourteenth Amendment right to equal protection.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 addressed

Accepted Answer

A)   voting.
B)   hiring.
C)   education.
D)   housing.
E)   work conditions.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Exam 5: Equal Rights: Struggling Toward Fairness

In 2010, the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

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The first woman ever to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court was appointed by

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The policy of affirmative action arose when

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The Fourteenth Amendment applies to discriminatory action by

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The Voting Rights Act of 1965

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The 1996 Defense of Marriage Act

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Housing in America

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In 1960, the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

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With regard to affirmative action, the Supreme Court in recent years has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was aimed at eliminating discrimination

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is equality of result? What relation does it have to de facto and de jure discrimination?

Correct AnswerverifiedEquality of result is the aim of policie...View AnswerShow Answer

Any law that includes a gender classification is subject to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups is MOST likely to identify with the Democratic Party?

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, the Supreme Court ruled that

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In 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the pursuit of racial integration in public schools through busing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 2013 Supreme Court decision Shelby County v. Holder interpreting the Voting Rights Act

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average pay for full-time female employees is about ________ percent of that for full-time male employees.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first large and well-organized attempt to promote women's rights came in 1848 in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 addressed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Equality of result is the aim of policie...
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