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Exam 12: Intermolecular Forces Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

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Question 31

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A 5.00 g sample of water vapor, initially at 155°C is cooled at atmospheric pressure, producing ice at -55°C. Calculate the amount of heat energy lost by the water sample in this process, in kJ. Use the following data: specific heat capacity of ice is 2.09 J/g·K; specific heat capacity of liquid water is 4.18 J/g·K; specific heat capacity of water vapor is 1.84 J/g·K; heat of fusion of ice is 336 J/g; heat of vaporization of water is 2260 J/g.

A) 15.6 kJ
B) 10.2 kJ
C) 5.4 kJ
D) 3.2 kJ
E) 1.6 kJ

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Question 32

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The phase diagram for xenon has a solid-liquid curve with a positive slope. Which of the following is true?

A) Solid xenon has a higher density than liquid xenon.
B) Solid xenon has the same density as liquid xenon.
C) The phase diagram cannot be used to predict which phase of xenon is denser.
D) Freezing xenon is an endothermic process.
E) None of these choices are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is true about kinetic energy, E_k, and potential energy, E_p, when ethyl alcohol at 40°C is compared with ethyl alcohol at 20°C?

Which of the following liquid substances would you expect to have the lowest surface tension?

Octane is a component of fuel used in internal combustion engines. The dominant intermolecular forces in octane are

Which of the following should have the highest boiling point?

Which of the following statements about the packing of monatomic solids with different unit cells is incorrect?

Acetic acid has a heat of fusion of 10.8 kJ/mol and a heat of vaporization of 24.3 kJ/mol. Estimate the value for the heat of sublimation.

Polonium crystallizes in the simple cubic lattice. What is the coordination number for Po?

A single water molecule can participate in at most two hydrogen bonds at any instant.

A sample of octane in equilibrium with its vapor in a closed 1.0-L container has a vapor pressure of 50.0 torr at 45°C. The container's volume is increased to 2.0 L at constant temperature and the liquid/vapor equilibrium is reestablished. What is the vapor pressure?

In metals, the conduction bands and valence bands of the molecular orbitals are separated by a large energy gap.

All gases can be liquefied at room temperature simply by increasing the pressure on the gas.

The phase diagram of a substance shows the energy changes associated with changes of state.

Which of the following pairs of molecules can form hydrogen bonds between them?

Which of the following should have the highest surface tension at a given temperature?

Diethyl ether, used as a solvent for extraction of organic compounds from aqueous solutions, has a high vapor pressure which makes it a potential fire hazard in laboratories in which it is used. How much energy is released when 100.0 g is cooled from 53.0°C to 10.0°C? Boiling point: 34.5°C Heat of vaporization: 351 J/g Specific heat capacity, (CH₃) ₂O(l) : 3.74 J/(g·K) Specific heat capacity, (CH₃) ₂O(g) : 2.35 J/(g·K)

Liquid ammonia (boiling point = -33.4°C) can be used as a refrigerant and heat transfer fluid. How much energy is needed to heat 25.0 g of NH₃(l) from -65.0°C to -12.0°C? Specific heat capacity, NH₃(l) : 4.7 J/(g·K) Specific heat capacity, NH₃(g) : 2.2 J/(g·K) Heat of vaporization: 23.5 kJ/mol Molar mass, : 17.0 g/mol

Which of the following atoms should have the greatest polarizability?

When identical particles pack in a simple cubic lattice, there is/are ____ particle(s) per unit cell.