Question 1

How is the poly(A) tail added to the 3' ends of the mRNAs produced during infection with a paramyxovirus?

Accepted Answer

A)  The viral polymerase stutters at a poly(U) sequence.
B)  The cellular poly(
A)  polymerase adds it.
C)  Paramyxovirus mRNAs do not have poly(
A)  tails.
D)  The viral poly(
A)  polymerase adds it after the mRNA is released from the template.
E)  The entire poly(
A)  tail is encoded in the genome.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Describe two major differences between transcription and genome replication in paramyxoviruses.

Accepted Answer

When the levels of the nucleocapsid protein builds up in the infected cell,the viral polymerase switches from producing subgenomic mRNAs to producing full-length positive-strand antigenomes.One major difference is that the nucleocapsid protein only binds and encapsidates the full-length antigenome and genome copies.The subgenomic mRNAs are not bound by the nucleocapsid protein.The second major difference is that during genome replication the viral RNA polymerase does not pause at the intergenic regions and stutter to create the polyA tail.It continues through and produces an authentic full-length copy of the genome with no stops or reinitiation.

Question 3

Which of the following virion proteins mediates the coiling of the rhabdovirus nucleocapsid to form the bullet-shaped virion?

Accepted Answer

A)  The HN (hemagglutinin/neuraminidase) protein
B)  The F (fusion) protein
C)  The M (matrix) protein
D)  The N (nucleocapsid) protein
E)  The L (RNA polymerase) proteinF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Most of the genomes of the paramyxoviruses have been shown to have genomes lengths that are exact multiple of 8 nucleotides.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

All of the following viruses are members of the order Mononegavirales EXCEPT….

Accepted Answer

A)  Rabies
B)  Influenza
C)  Measles
D)  Ebola
E)  Sendai virusF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following conditions during infection with a paramyxovirus causes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to switch from start-stop transcription to production of full-length positive-strand antigenomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Levels of the mRNAs transcribed.
B)  Concentration of the N protein.
C)  Proteolytic cleavage of the polymerase protein.
D)  Phosphorylation of the polymerase protein.
E)  Levels of the L protein.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

The F protein of the paramyxovirus measles is responsible for both binding and fusion of the virion to the host cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Because measles virus can infect B and T lymphocytes,it can lead to strong immunosuppression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

New paramyxoviruses have emerged from fruit bats by being transmitted to domestic livestock and then to humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following proteins from paramyxovirus virions interacts with the tails of the envelope glycoproteins during assembly of virions?

Accepted Answer

A)  N protein
B)  C protein
C)  L protein
D)  M protein
E)  F proteinF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 11

Describe the two models that explain how the monopartite negative-strand RNA viruses produces individual mRNAs.Which of the two models does the experimental evidence support?

Accepted Answer

The multiple-promoter model states that ...

Question 12

Mutation of the RNA editing site in the genome of a paramyxovirus will have which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  It eliminates the production of the P protein.
B)  It eliminates the production of the V protein.
C)  It causes the production of the P protein.
D)  It causes the production of the V protein
E)  It eliminates mRNA splicing.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 13

There are two sequence elements at the 3' end of the genomes of paramyxoviruses that are required for mRNA transcription and genome replication.These two sequences are 78 nucleotides apart.How can the polymerase bind to both of these sequence elements at the same time?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are cellular proteins that bridge the two sequences.
B)  There are viral proteins that bridge the two sequences.
C)  The two sequences are both on the same side of the helical nucleocapsid.
D)  The polymerase protein is large enough to bind both sequences.
E)  The polymerase does not need to bind to both sequences simultaneously.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E) C

Question 14

The order of the genes in the genomes of paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses is highly conserved.Is there a benefit to the virus for this specific gene order?

Accepted Answer

Because the viral genes are transcribed ...

Question 15

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)is a common complication of measles where the virus infects the nervous tissue immediately after causing the typical measles virus symptoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Synthesis of mRNAs in paramyxoviruses occurs through a single-entry mechanism,which is where the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase can only start transcription from the 3' end of the genome.Which of the following is a consequence of this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  More negative-strand genomes are produced than positive-strand antigenomes.
B)  The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase binds to both end of the genome for genome replication
C)  The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase binds to both ends of the genome for transcription
D)  More mRNA is produced from the coding regions at the 5' end of the genome.
E)  More mRNA is produced from the coding regions at the 3' end of the genome.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

What mechanism do the paramyxoviruses use to produce 5 different proteins from a single gene on their genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of alternative start codons.
B)  Read-through of a stop codon.
C)  Ribosomal frameshifting
D)  RNA editing
E)  Both RNA editing and alternative start codons are used.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 18

Rhabdoviruses can infect a wide variety of hosts including insects,plants and vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is a difference observed between the paramyxoviruses and the rhabdoviruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  One has a negative-strand genome and one has a positive-strand genome.
B)  One has a naked virion and one has an enveloped virion.
C)  One has a helical nucleocapsid and one has an icosahedral nucleocapsid.
D)  One packages the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the other doesn't.
E)  One fuses the envelope at the plasma membrane and one fuses the envelope with the endocytotic membrane.F) All of the above
G) C) and D) E

Question 20

What is the function of the neuraminidase enzyme during infection with Sendai virus,a member of the paramyxovirus family?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps the assembly of the envelope.
B)  It attaches to the host cell receptor.
C)  It is involved in evasion of the host immune system.
D)  It facilitates exit of the virions.
E)  It is involved with transcription of viral mRNAs.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Exam 15: Paramyxoviruses and Rhabdoviruses

How is the poly(A) tail added to the 3' ends of the mRNAs produced during infection with a paramyxovirus?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe two major differences between transcription and genome replication in paramyxoviruses.

Which of the following virion proteins mediates the coiling of the rhabdovirus nucleocapsid to form the bullet-shaped virion?

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the genomes of the paramyxoviruses have been shown to have genomes lengths that are exact multiple of 8 nucleotides.

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following viruses are members of the order Mononegavirales EXCEPT….

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following conditions during infection with a paramyxovirus causes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to switch from start-stop transcription to production of full-length positive-strand antigenomes?

Correct Answer
verified

The F protein of the paramyxovirus measles is responsible for both binding and fusion of the virion to the host cell.

Correct Answer
verified

Because measles virus can infect B and T lymphocytes,it can lead to strong immunosuppression.

Correct Answer
verified

New paramyxoviruses have emerged from fruit bats by being transmitted to domestic livestock and then to humans.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following proteins from paramyxovirus virions interacts with the tails of the envelope glycoproteins during assembly of virions?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the two models that explain how the monopartite negative-strand RNA viruses produces individual mRNAs.Which of the two models does the experimental evidence support?

Correct Answer
verified
The multiple-promoter model states that ...
View Answer

Mutation of the RNA editing site in the genome of a paramyxovirus will have which of the following effects?

Correct Answer
verified

There are two sequence elements at the 3' end of the genomes of paramyxoviruses that are required for mRNA transcription and genome replication.These two sequences are 78 nucleotides apart.How can the polymerase bind to both of these sequence elements at the same time?

Correct Answer
verified
C

The order of the genes in the genomes of paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses is highly conserved.Is there a benefit to the virus for this specific gene order?

Correct Answer
verified
Because the viral genes are transcribed ...
View Answer

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)is a common complication of measles where the virus infects the nervous tissue immediately after causing the typical measles virus symptoms.

Correct Answer
verified

Synthesis of mRNAs in paramyxoviruses occurs through a single-entry mechanism,which is where the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase can only start transcription from the 3' end of the genome.Which of the following is a consequence of this mechanism?

Correct Answer
verified

What mechanism do the paramyxoviruses use to produce 5 different proteins from a single gene on their genome?

Correct Answer
verified

Rhabdoviruses can infect a wide variety of hosts including insects,plants and vertebrates.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a difference observed between the paramyxoviruses and the rhabdoviruses?

Correct Answer
verified
E

What is the function of the neuraminidase enzyme during infection with Sendai virus,a member of the paramyxovirus family?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Paramyxoviruses and Rhabdoviruses

How is the poly(A) tail added to the 3' ends of the mRNAs produced during infection with a paramyxovirus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe two major differences between transcription and genome replication in paramyxoviruses.

Which of the following virion proteins mediates the coiling of the rhabdovirus nucleocapsid to form the bullet-shaped virion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the genomes of the paramyxoviruses have been shown to have genomes lengths that are exact multiple of 8 nucleotides.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following viruses are members of the order Mononegavirales EXCEPT….

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditions during infection with a paramyxovirus causes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to switch from start-stop transcription to production of full-length positive-strand antigenomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The F protein of the paramyxovirus measles is responsible for both binding and fusion of the virion to the host cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because measles virus can infect B and T lymphocytes,it can lead to strong immunosuppression.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

New paramyxoviruses have emerged from fruit bats by being transmitted to domestic livestock and then to humans.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following proteins from paramyxovirus virions interacts with the tails of the envelope glycoproteins during assembly of virions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the two models that explain how the monopartite negative-strand RNA viruses produces individual mRNAs.Which of the two models does the experimental evidence support?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe multiple-promoter model states that ...View AnswerShow Answer

Mutation of the RNA editing site in the genome of a paramyxovirus will have which of the following effects?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are two sequence elements at the 3' end of the genomes of paramyxoviruses that are required for mRNA transcription and genome replication.These two sequences are 78 nucleotides apart.How can the polymerase bind to both of these sequence elements at the same time?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The order of the genes in the genomes of paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses is highly conserved.Is there a benefit to the virus for this specific gene order?

Correct AnswerverifiedBecause the viral genes are transcribed ...View AnswerShow Answer

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)is a common complication of measles where the virus infects the nervous tissue immediately after causing the typical measles virus symptoms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Synthesis of mRNAs in paramyxoviruses occurs through a single-entry mechanism,which is where the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase can only start transcription from the 3' end of the genome.Which of the following is a consequence of this mechanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What mechanism do the paramyxoviruses use to produce 5 different proteins from a single gene on their genome?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rhabdoviruses can infect a wide variety of hosts including insects,plants and vertebrates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a difference observed between the paramyxoviruses and the rhabdoviruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

What is the function of the neuraminidase enzyme during infection with Sendai virus,a member of the paramyxovirus family?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The multiple-promoter model states that ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Because the viral genes are transcribed ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E

Correct Answer
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