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Discuss Krugman's views on strategic trade policy.

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Krugman argues that a strategic trade po...

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Which multilateral trade agreement was established under U.S. leadership in 1947, with the objective to liberalize trade by eliminating tariffs, subsidies, import quotas, and the like?


A) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
B) North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
C) Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)
D) Free Trade Areas of the Americas (FTAA)
E) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Arguments for international trade typically focus on political and ________ reasons.


A) theoretical
B) social
C) economic
D) ethical
E) human rights

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Paul Krugman believed that a country that attempts to use strategic trade policy to establish a domestic firm in a dominant position in a global industry, is most likely to


A) dominate the industry.
B) move away from protectionism.
C) provoke retaliation.
D) incur huge financial debts.
E) upset the special-interest groups within the economy.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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The group that benefits the most from receiving subsidies is


A) government.
B) international organizations such as the WTO.
C) domestic producers.
D) importers.
E) foreign competitors.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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GATS, a sister body of the World Trade Organization, is responsible for extending free trade agreements in what area?


A) services
B) commodities
C) intellectual property
D) agriculture
E) start-up companies

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Antidumping actions seem to be concentrated in certain sectors of the economy such as basic metal industries (e.g., aluminum and steel), chemicals, plastics, and machinery and electrical equipment.

A) True
B) False

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One way to ensure that there is sufficient supply of a good within a country is to enact a(n) ________, which discriminates against producers from exporting goods.


A) local content requirement
B) tariff rate quota system
C) trade surplus
D) subsidy agreement
E) export tariff

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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One of the main reasons why many economists remain critical of the infant industry argument is its reliance on the assumption that


A) protection of manufacturing from foreign competition is harmful.
B) absolute advantage cannot sustain productivity of an industry.
C) foreign firms too come under the definition of infant industry when they newly enter a foreign market.
D) firms are unable to make efficient long-term investments by borrowing money from the domestic or international capital markets.
E) foreign competition will eventually cause domestic firms to improve the quality of their products.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Define a tariff and describe specific tariffs and ad valorem tariffs. Explain how tariffs play a role in the U.S. government.

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A tariff is a tax levied on imports (or ...

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If the U.S. Department of Education put out a contract for 150,000 laptop computers and the contract stated that preference would be given to bids that declared at least 51 percent of the materials by value in the computers were produced in the United States, which legislative act is this stipulation based on?


A) Export Administration Act
B) Helms-Burton Act
C) Hawley-Burton Act
D) Buy America Act
E) Volcker Rule

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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How does the increasing integration of the world economy and internationalization of production affect the selection of a trade policy?

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We live in a world where many firms of a...

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An ad valorem tariff is levied as a fixed charge for each unit of an imported good.

A) True
B) False

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During the 1980s and 1990s, trade sanctions were put in place by Western governments against South Africa in response to the apartheid policies in place there. These trade sanctions were a response to


A) voluntary export restraints.
B) excess tariffs on imports.
C) decreasing birth rates.
D) human rights violations.
E) environmental abuses.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The British decision to withdraw from the European Union suggests that there isn't a global consensus on the issue of free trade.

A) True
B) False

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There are seven main instruments used in trade policy with ________ being the oldest and the simplest.


A) local content requirements
B) tariffs
C) subsidies
D) voluntary export restraints
E) import quotas

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Import tariffs protect domestic producers against foreign competitors.

A) True
B) False

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For years, the world used a small nation in Central America as a place to assemble goods and benefit from cheap labor. To shift its manufacturing base from simple assembly to full-fledged manufacture of components and finished goods, the nation introduced a policy that stated 35 percent of the value of a product must be produced locally. This is an example of a(n)


A) international allocation requirement.
B) local content requirement.
C) specific quota requirement.
D) ad valorem portion requirement.
E) domestic sales requirement.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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The threat of antidumping action enhances the ability of a firm to use aggressive pricing to gain market share in a country.

A) True
B) False

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Some countries limit the amount of sugar that can be imported. This restriction is called a(n)


A) voluntary export restraint.
B) ad valorem tariff.
C) import quota.
D) local content requirement.
E) government subsidy.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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