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Which of the following is a characteristic of fragmented retail systems?


A) Long channels of distribution
B) Single-layer distribution systems
C) Lower sales call to sales order ratio
D) Relatively smaller sales force compared to concentrated retail systems
E) Promotion of direct interaction between retailers and firms

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is true of the marketing and research and development (R&D) departments in an international firm?


A) Marketing and R&D should always work independently.
B) R&D identifies gaps in a market so that marketing can work to fill those gaps.
C) R&D defines the market's needs for the marketing personnel.
D) Marketing fails to guide R&D whether to produce globally standardized or locally customized products.
E) A major contributor to the success of new-product introductions is a close relationship between marketing and R&D.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A pull strategy refers to a marketing strategy that emphasizes personal selling rather than mass media advertising in the promotional mix.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is true of price elasticity of demand?


A) The price elasticity of demand is only defined by the competitive conditions in a country.
B) Demand is said to be inelastic when a large change in price produces a small change in demand.
C) Demand is said to be elastic when a large change in price produces a small change in demand.
D) Price elasticity tends to be greater in countries with low income levels.
E) The elasticity of demand is inversely proportional to the number of competitors offering a particular product.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Describe how cultural barriers can jeopardize the effectiveness of a firm's international communication.

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Cultural barriers can make it difficult ...

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Which of the following is true according to Theodore Levitt's article in the Harvard Business Review about the globalization of world markets?


A) Multinational corporations consider the world to consist of distinct and unique entities.
B) Multinational corporations operate at low relative costs.
C) Multinational corporations operate from a single country.
D) Multinational corporations do not adjust their products and practices to suit each country.
E) Multinational corporations are in danger of losing out to small businesses.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is true according to Theodore Levitt's article in the Harvard Business Review about the globalization of world markets?


A) Accustomed differences in national or regional preferences are significant in world markets.
B) The global corporation operates consistently at high relative cost.
C) Technology has led to the emergence of global markets for standardized consumer products.
D) The global corporation sells different things in different ways.
E) Ancient differences in national tastes or modes of doing business are reinforced.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Describe the influence of integrating research and development,marketing,and production on new-product development.

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Although a firm that is successful at de...

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Firms pursuing a(n) _____ strategy on an international scale will price low worldwide in attempting to build global sales volume as rapidly as possible,even if this means taking large losses initially.


A) experience curve pricing
B) multipoint pricing
C) economy pricing
D) predatory pricing
E) premium pricing

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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The use of price as a competitive weapon to drive weaker competitors out of a national market is known as _____.


A) multipoint pricing
B) predatory pricing
C) leader pricing
D) price discrimination
E) price skimming

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following pricing strategies can run afoul of antidumping regulations?


A) Experience curve pricing
B) Premium pricing
C) Market-based pricing
D) Dynamic pricing
E) Price skimming

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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A global marketing strategy that views the world's consumers as similar in their preferences is consistent with the mass production of a standardized output.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following factors constrains the globalization of markets?


A) Difference in technical standards
B) Uniform standard of living
C) Cosmopolitan tastes and preferences
D) Market segments that transcend national borders
E) Convergence of cultures

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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In terms of factors influencing product attributes,the impact of tradition is particularly important in foodstuffs and beverages.

A) True
B) False

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What is meant by a marketing mix? Briefly describe how a firm configures its marketing mix.

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Marketing mix is a term that describes t...

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The project manager of a cross-functional team should:


A) have the ability to persuade other team members to implement his idea.
B) not be hesitant to claim responsibility for the success of a project.
C) be able to act as an advocate of the team to senior management.
D) help each function determine individual goals rather than focus on the project as a whole.
E) get involved in conflict resolution only when absolutely necessary.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is an element of a firm's marketing mix?


A) Product attributes
B) Employee management
C) Customer service
D) Population demographics
E) Domestic competition

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Which of the following has resulted in a dramatic shortening of product life cycles?


A) Acceleration of the pace of technological change
B) Intensity of domestic competition
C) Affluence of customers
D) Increase in the number of educated consumers
E) Removal of trade barriers

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following is an argument against standardized advertising?


A) One large effort to develop a campaign fails to produce better results than 40 or 50 smaller efforts.
B) It fails to make use of local talent available in other cultures.
C) Advertising regulations may block implementation of standardized advertising.
D) Royalties make it the most expensive form of advertising.
E) It increases the costs of value creation.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The fact that tastes and preferences of consumers are not universal disproves Theodore Levitt's views on the globalization of markets.

A) True
B) False

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