Question 1

A national survey of U.S.parents with three- and four-year-old children found that _____ percent of parents reported spanking their children frequently.

Accepted Answer

A)  36
B)  26
C)  50
D)  75E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following is an effective way of handling a child's misbehavior,according to most child psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mild spanking,calculated not to hurt the child.
B)  Time out,in which the child is removed from a setting that offers positive reinforcement.
C)  Shouting at the child just enough to get the point across.
D)  Instilling rigid household rules and meting out severe corporal punishment if those rules are broken.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Which type of play increases dramatically during the preschool years?

Accepted Answer

A)  Practice play
B)  Sensorimotor play
C)  Social play
D)  Constructive playE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Girls are more likely to engage in _____,in which they talk and act in a more reciprocal manner.

Accepted Answer

A)  collaborative discourse
B)  rough-and-tumble play
C)  ego display
D)  dominating playE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Michael,aged four,loves playing with toy cars and airplanes,and his idea of play involves wrestling and pushing his friends.Melanie,also aged four,loves playing with her dolls and doll house,and her idea of play is to have a tea party with her dolls and friends.Both are exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

A)  inappropriate behavior.
B)  sex-typed behavior.
C)  rebellious behavior.
D)  gender confusion.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

_____ play,which can be engaged in throughout life,involves the repetition of behavior when new skills are being learned or when physical or mental mastery and coordination of skills are required for games or sports.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pretense
B)  Practice
C)  Social
D)  SensorimotorE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

From about _____,children show autonomous morality.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 8 years of age
B)  4 to 7 years of age
C)  10 years of age and older
D)  5 years of age and olderE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

When asked to describe his parenting style,Juan stated,"In my house,my word is the law." Juan is probably a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian parent.
B)  authoritative parent.
C)  indulgent parent.
D)  neglectful parent.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Laurie Kramer,who has conducted a number of research studies on siblings,says that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is best to not intervene in sibling conflict and to allow them to work it out on their own.
B)  it is best to let sibling conflicts escalate so that children learn coping strategies to handle anger and disagreement with peers.
C)  intervening and helping children resolve sibling conflict are not good strategies.
D)  not intervening and letting sibling conflict escalate are not good strategies.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Low levels of _____ in the female embryo allow the normal development of female sex organs.

Accepted Answer

A)  estradiol
B)  progesterone
C)  estrogens
D)  androgensE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Research linking corporal punishment and child behavior has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  higher levels of immediate compliance.
B)  lower levels of mental health.
C)  higher levels of moral internalization.
D)  higher levels of aggression.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Approximately _____ percent of gay men are parents.

Accepted Answer

A)  10
B)  20
C)  30
D)  40E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

What does a child get from peers that he/she typically cannot get from siblings?

Accepted Answer

A)  A same-sex friend
B)  A chance to share intimate feelings
C)  An idea of how the child compares with other children of the same age.
D)  A view of what the world looks like from another person's perspectiveE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Which leading theorist on sibling relationships described the three important characteristics of sibling relationships as emotional stability,familiarity and intimacy,and variation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which leading theorist on sibling relationships described...

Question 15

It is estimated that approximately _____ percent of children born to married parents in the United States will experience their parents' divorce.

Accepted Answer

A)  20
B)  40
C)  60
D)  75E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Young children tend to believe that if a rule is broken,punishment will be meted out immediately.This indicates a belief in the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)  immanent justice.
B)  swift justice.
C)  concrete justice.
D)  authoritative justice.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Most children know whether they are physically a girl or boy by about _____ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  1½
B)  2½
C)  4½
D)  5½E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

According to Freud,to reduce anxiety,avoid punishment,and maintain parental affection,children identify with parents,internalizing their standards of right and wrong,and thus form the:

Accepted Answer

A)  alter ego.
B)  ego.
C)  superego.
D)  id.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Feelings of anxiety and guilt are central to the account of moral development provided by _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive
B)  Piaget's cognitive development
C)  Erikson's psychosocial
D)  Freud's psychoanalyticE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

_____ psychologists propose that men have gradually changed over time to have dispositions that favor competition and risk-taking.

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychoanalytic
B)  Evolutionary
C)  Behavioral
D)  Social learningE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 8: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

_____ play,which can be engaged in throughout life,involves the repetition of behavior when new skills are being learned or when physical or mental mastery and coordination of skills are required for games or sports.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research linking corporal punishment and child behavior has been associated with all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ psychologists propose that men have gradually changed over time to have dispositions that favor competition and risk-taking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Young children tend to believe that if a rule is broken,punishment will be meted out immediately.This indicates a belief in the concept of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud,to reduce anxiety,avoid punishment,and maintain parental affection,children identify with parents,internalizing their standards of right and wrong,and thus form the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an effective way of handling a child's misbehavior,according to most child psychologists?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From about _____,children show autonomous morality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Michael,aged four,loves playing with toy cars and airplanes,and his idea of play involves wrestling and pushing his friends.Melanie,also aged four,loves playing with her dolls and doll house,and her idea of play is to have a tea party with her dolls and friends.Both are exhibiting:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which leading theorist on sibling relationships described the three important characteristics of sibling relationships as emotional stability,familiarity and intimacy,and variation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Low levels of _____ in the female embryo allow the normal development of female sex organs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of play increases dramatically during the preschool years?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Girls are more likely to engage in _____,in which they talk and act in a more reciprocal manner.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When asked to describe his parenting style,Juan stated,"In my house,my word is the law." Juan is probably a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most children know whether they are physically a girl or boy by about _____ years of age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately _____ percent of gay men are parents.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does a child get from peers that he/she typically cannot get from siblings?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Laurie Kramer,who has conducted a number of research studies on siblings,says that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is estimated that approximately _____ percent of children born to married parents in the United States will experience their parents' divorce.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A national survey of U.S.parents with three- and four-year-old children found that _____ percent of parents reported spanking their children frequently.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Feelings of anxiety and guilt are central to the account of moral development provided by _____ theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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