Question 1

A recent book by a reputable biologist suggests there is a deep, hot biosphere under the Earth's crust that may have more biomass than all life at the Earth's surface. This would primarily rely on what organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   primitive animals
B)   primitive heat-loving plants
C)   fungi living on the detritus from above
D)   thermoacidophilic archaea
E)   virusesF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

If you were using cladistics to construct a phylogenetic tree of birds, what is the best outgroup?

Accepted Answer

A)   eagles
B)   robins
C)   bats
D)   eastern bluebirdsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

The highlighted grouping in the cladogram is a ____________ grouping.

Accepted Answer

A)   monophyletic
B)   paraphyletic
C)   polyphyletic
D)   None of the answer choices are correct.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The northern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix, the southern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, and the cottonmouth is Agkistrodon piscivorous. Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A)   all are subspecies of Agkistrodon.
B)   they are three distinct species.
C)   the copperheads are subspecies and the cottonmouth is a separate species.
D)   they are all the same species.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 5

Which kingdom is correctly described?

Accepted Answer

A)   Plantae: multicellular and photoautotrophic
B)   Fungi: multicellular and heterotrophic by ingestion
C)   Animalia: multicellular and heterotrophic by absorption
D)   Protista: unicellular and heterotrophic onlyE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

A taxon is the general name for a group of organisms that exhibit a set of shared traits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Domain Archaea is the only domain in which the organisms lack membrane bound organelles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

If a phylogeny is based on the natural evolution of organisms, it could

Accepted Answer

A)   explain the variations among fossils from rock strata.
B)   explain why there are similarities and differences among modern living groups.
C)   reflect patterns of shared and unique sections of DNA among groups of animals.
D)   help predict where unresearched features will be in common, such as how widely a medicine will be effective among animals.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The scientific name of the giant swallowtail is Heraclides cresphontes. Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A)   it belongs to the genus Heraclides.
B)   it belongs to the species cresphontes.
C)   the specific epithet is cresphontes.
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) B) and C) D

Question 10

A study of echinoderm embryos, such as sea stars, confirms a similar developmental pattern to that of vertebrates. In both, the blastopore becomes the anus. This would be considered

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral data.
B)   convergent evolution.
C)   analogy.
D)   homology.
E)   synapomorphy.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 11

In cladistics, _______________ is(are)  the primary criterion used to classify organisms.

Accepted Answer

A)   ecological niche
B)   common ancestry
C)   mating behavior
D)   observable traits
E)   All of the answer choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 12

What is the correct order of the Linnaean system of classification, starting with the most general category?

Accepted Answer

A)   Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class
B)   Domain, Phylum, Class, Kingdom
C)   Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Species
D)   Genus, Order, Class, Phylum,E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

All of the following are true regarding systematics EXCEPT that it

Accepted Answer

A)   is the study of the diversity of organisms at all levels of organization.
B)   is the specific study of identification, naming, and classification of organisms.
C)   relies on data from the fossil record, homology, and molecular data.
D)   utilizes protein, DNA, and RNA comparisons to determine relatedness of individuals.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Of the three domains in Woese's classification system, which do most biologists recognize?

Accepted Answer

A)   Monera, Archae, and Bacteria
B)   Fungi, Monera, and Archae
C)   Archae, Bacteria and Eukarya
D)   Protista, Fungi, and EukaryaE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The highlighted grouping in the cladogram is a ____________ grouping.

Accepted Answer

A)   monophyletic
B)   paraphyletic
C)   polyphyletic
D)   None of the answer choices are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following Domains include the majority of the organisms that were previously classified in Kingdom Monera?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria and Eubacteria
B)   Protista and Eukarya
C)   Archaea and Algae
D)   Eukarya and Bacteria
E)   Archaea and BacteriaF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Which kingdom or supergroup is characterized by organisms that are heterotrophic by ingestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Animal
B)   Plant
C)   Fungi
D)   ProtistsE) None of the above
F) B) and C) A

Question 18

The evolution of organisms in the three domains and four kingdoms is most accurately described by which sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prokaryotes to Protists to Plants, from Plants separately to both Animals and Fungi
B)   Prokaryotes to Fungi to Protists to Plants to Animals
C)   Prokaryotes to Protists, from Protists separately to Fungi, Plants, and Animals
D)   Protists to Prokaryotes to Fungi, from Fungi separately to Plants and Animals
E)   Prokaryotes to Protists, separately to Animals and Plants with Fungi a loss of plant photosynthesisF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Create a list of the features used to describe members of Domain Eukarya.

Accepted Answer

The list should include the following fe...

Question 20

Cladists feel that a cladogram is a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a group. Using what you have learned about scientific hypotheses, support this view of a cladogram.

Accepted Answer

A cladogram is similar to a hypothesis i...

Exam 19: Taxonomy, Systematics, and Phylogeny

A recent book by a reputable biologist suggests there is a deep, hot biosphere under the Earth's crust that may have more biomass than all life at the Earth's surface. This would primarily rely on what organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were using cladistics to construct a phylogenetic tree of birds, what is the best outgroup?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The highlighted grouping in the cladogram is a ____________ grouping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The northern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix, the southern copperhead is Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, and the cottonmouth is Agkistrodon piscivorous. Therefore,

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which kingdom is correctly described?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A taxon is the general name for a group of organisms that exhibit a set of shared traits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Domain Archaea is the only domain in which the organisms lack membrane bound organelles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a phylogeny is based on the natural evolution of organisms, it could

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The scientific name of the giant swallowtail is Heraclides cresphontes. Therefore,

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A study of echinoderm embryos, such as sea stars, confirms a similar developmental pattern to that of vertebrates. In both, the blastopore becomes the anus. This would be considered

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In cladistics, _______________ is(are) the primary criterion used to classify organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct order of the Linnaean system of classification, starting with the most general category?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are true regarding systematics EXCEPT that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the three domains in Woese's classification system, which do most biologists recognize?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The highlighted grouping in the cladogram is a ____________ grouping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following Domains include the majority of the organisms that were previously classified in Kingdom Monera?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which kingdom or supergroup is characterized by organisms that are heterotrophic by ingestion?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The evolution of organisms in the three domains and four kingdoms is most accurately described by which sequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Create a list of the features used to describe members of Domain Eukarya.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe list should include the following fe...View AnswerShow Answer

Cladists feel that a cladogram is a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a group. Using what you have learned about scientific hypotheses, support this view of a cladogram.

Correct AnswerverifiedA cladogram is similar to a hypothesis i...View AnswerShow Answer

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A

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The list should include the following fe...
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A cladogram is similar to a hypothesis i...
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