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Sid wants to involve his team of remotely located architects in a decision-making exercise.His plan is to circulate a questionnaire on the problem at hand,share the questionnaire results,and continue to recirculate and redefine individual responses until a consensus is reached.Which type of decision-making technique is Sid planning to implement?


A) groupthink
B) brainstorming
C) the Delphi technique
D) the nominal group technique
E) the devil's advocate technique

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The bandwagon effect,a common decision-making bias,is ________.


A) the characteristic of an individual who prefers to avoid losses rather than acquire gains
B) the tendency to believe certain outcomes because others believe the same
C) the tendency to believe that our forecasts for future events are better than they truly are
D) the tendency to search for information that supports one's preconceived beliefs
E) an individual's tendency to believe that he/she is less susceptible to risky events

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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What are the orientations of weak decision makers?

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Decision makers are the first element of...

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Decision makers characterized by the desire to preserve the status quo as much as possible are classified as having a hoarding orientation.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is the final step in the decision-making process?


A) identify organizational objectives
B) gather feedback to find out if the problem is solved
C) implement the selected alternative
D) select the most beneficial alternative
E) list alternative solutions

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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The ________ decision-making orientation emphasizes the realization of the organization's potential as well as that of the decision maker.Such decision makers try to use all of their talents when making decisions.


A) ideal
B) exploitative
C) receptive
D) marketing
E) tangible

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is an advantage of group decision making?


A) Groups take less time than individuals to arrive at a decision because of the collective and diverse mentality of groups.
B) Group decisions do not cost the organization as much as individual decisions do.
C) Group decisions are of a higher quality than individual decisions because of the friendly relationships that exist within the group.
D) Group decisions can be effectively controlled and influenced by the dominant members of the group.
E) Members of the group tend to support the implementation of the decision more fervently than they would if the decision had been made by an individual.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Decision makers who believe the source of all good is outside of themselves,and therefore rely heavily on suggestions from others,are classified as having an exploitative orientation.

A) True
B) False

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An advantage of the nominal group technique is that ________.


A) it prevents members from questioning the validity of others' ideas
B) it allows members to know why individuals voted the way they did
C) discussions are structured and feedback on the ideas are not immediately gathered
D) it is suitable for teams whose group members are geographically dispersed
E) it provides the option of supporting or rejecting an idea without fear of recrimination

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Programmed decisions are ________.


A) nonstructured
B) one-shot decisions
C) routine and repetitive
D) made by top management
E) made by computers

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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